Every racist argument might potentially be debunked by science due to the nature of how the X and Y chromosomes are passed down through generations. Adding to that, mutations and the human being’s ability to adapt might give an even stronger suggestion that racism in modern era might possibly be considered self-hatred. The basic elementary school genetics lesson demonstrating how women carry a pair of two X chromosomes and men carry one of each, an X and a Y chromosome, might even say a lot of it.
While a man only carries one Y-chromosome, passed from father to son in a line that thus goes unbroken, he passes his X to his daughter. A woman passes one of her two X chromosomes, regardless of the child’s gender. However, this doesn’t mean that the others necessarily go missing. There are all sorts of card shuffling games and mutations in genetics.
A commonly discussed example of what genetics can do in one generation are the biracial twins Kian and Remee Hodgson (image at the top of the article.) Born to mixed race parents, one of the girls is black, while the other sister is white. The girls’ parents were both reportedly born to a black father and a white mother. A source stated this case to be a one in a million chance.
In another case, where biracial twin boys were born to a mixed heritage mother and a white father, a genetics expert at Oxford University is reported to have said that the genes that determine color normally mix together, further stating that cases like these are rare.
To those who actively explore anthropology, history and genetics, the whole speculation and debate on race topic might be irrelevant altogether, and additionally, loaded with misinformation. Most scientific discussions on race seem to have to do with the physical structure of the human body, rather than skin pigmentation, and in particular, the human scull. Excavations and research of ancient tombs have brought a lot of new discoveries into light, challenging a lot of previously recorded history.
In recent years, the growing field of genetic research has conducted extended tests on modern-day populations worldwide. These tests have revealed a lot of puzzles and mysteries, suggesting that the constant migrations of human populations in recorded time, often attributed to technological advancements, might have been a part of human life for much longer.
Among the many mysteries are the reported presence of Y-chromosome Q at a high level in Iceland and Norway. The paternal Q lineage, suggested to have originated in Central Asia, is said to be the predominant Y-chromosome among Native Americans and is also found at high levels among tribes in Central and Northeast Asia. Another “rogue” lineage in Iceland is the Mitochondrial DNA (X chromosome) C1E, whose other identified C1 relatives are among Native American populations as well. Some have suggested that it could be traced to the Viking era, while to others, when looking at certain mutations, there might be an even more complicated story.
While Iceland has a highly advanced registry of genealogy, there are still unsolved puzzles. Many cultures might also have secrets attributed to relations that were or are considered inappropriate, perhaps illegal, denied paternities, illegitimate children, secretly being with someone from an enemy country.
If a blood line is a river that runs through several lands of bodies and each of them contributing a little bit as it passes on, there might be a lot of territory behind each and every human being. One may not recognize the contribution of the traveler who came from afar 800 years ago, but it doesn’t mean that traveler wasn’t there, or the Mongolian warrior who fell out with the Khan and took off in hiding somewhere in Europe. Then there is the darkness of conquests and slavery, that many would perhaps argue that humanity will continue to pay the price for till it gets to a point where it can let go of the past and fix the present.
Further adding to the debate of color, that often seems to be fueled by a racist agenda, the examples of fair skin pigmentation among populations in Eastern Siberia and among Inuit populations in North America, might suggest that skin pigmentation is perhaps a very flexible trait of adaptation for humans living in areas with less sunlight. A common suggestion is that fair skin might help absorb more vitamin D from the sun, as has it been suggested that darker skin tones have more resistance to sunburns.
What scientists seem to often find themselves up against, when researching the history of humanity, is ethnic pride and political turmoil among nations as well as nationalities and ethnic groups within the same country. To an observer, it might often seem as if some believe in keeping their DNA chromosomes and origin secret, as if there is a superiority that must remain a mystery to others. It also appears that some are so rooted in their cultural heritage, often tied to the language or common visual traits, that ethnic diversity or contributions from neighboring populations would be considered a disgrace. A question might perhaps arise whether the world has made a silent unanimous decision to remain segregated, to exploit each other or to be able to play either a victim or a dictator.
Though many humans would agree that it is good to celebrate one’s uniqueness and heritage, there might also be a certain comfort in acceptance, appreciation of mankind and the world as a whole. While an early man would perhaps not hesitate to identify a man by saying “he is the tall one who looks slightly different from the rest of us,” such profiling or direct description of someone gets a racist stamp right off the bat today. And that appears to go across the board, as one may find people of all nationalities and ethnicities having an experience story where they felt profiled with prejudice.
A person who perhaps is the only one whose hair is red, or is the only black or white person, or someone who has the ability to lick the tip of his nose, might be unique in their community, thus contributing to the overall diversity and color of their surroundings. There appears to be a long way to go for a celebration of humanity, although the secret history, recorded in the human DNA chromosomes, debunks every racist argument by suggesting there is only one humanity.
Opinion by Halldor Fannar Sigurgeirsson
@DoriTheViking
Sources:
See also:
Admixture Map (World Ancestry)
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11 Responses
Figures it’s a Scandy still trying to foist this nonsense on the naive under the guise of “look at me i’m sciencing!!”
The scientific evidence is pretty much conclusive at this point on the matter of race. It’s really a settled series of arguments. Now that we’re certain race is a biological construct parallel to species (and no more arbitrary), and that race determines just about everything in matters human on the large scale, the entire discussion is in the realm of philosophy and political policy again… but biology and genetics can only fine-tune at this point.
The girl on the left’s only difference is pigmentation otherwise they both look the same.
The main point of your argument is that chromosomes show us that we all descend from Africans. The problem here is that there is genetic evidence that suggests that Haplogroup A and B were not the ancestors of other haplogroups. Here is a journal on the subject. This in combination with new evidence about Neanderthal and Denisovan interbreeding with populations of humans has seriously challenged the Out of Africa theory recently. But here is a journal that does:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?paperID=19566#.U29iZ7RZqpo
Paragraph 7 says that mitochondrial DNA is the same thing as the x-chromosome, but this is absolutely incorrect. Mitochondrial DNA is found in a weird little symbiotic organelle called the mitochondria, which is in just about every cell in the body, and is responsible for burning oxygen to produce usable energy from food. The mitochondria is thought to be a separate bacteria that long ago got brought into larger cells to form a happy partnership to the benefit of both.
Anyhow, the mitochondria, being a kind of incorporated bacteria, still has its own DNA, which is much shorter and smaller, but gets the job done. And also, the mitochondria of a cell (there are more than one in every cell), only exist outside of the nucleus, where the cell’s own true DNA is kept, in the form of chromosomes.
There are 23 pairs of chromosomes, and one of those pairs are the two sex chromosomes — either two Xs or an X and a Y. So, right away you see that the X-chromosome is not at all the same thing as the mitochondrial DNA, because for one thing it’s not even in the same place inside a cell — the X-chromosome is inside the nucleus, while the mitochondrial DNA is inside the mitochondria, which exists outside the nucleus — and also the X chromosome’s DNA is much, much longer than the mitochondria’s.
So much for that. That should clear up that matter.
funny stuff
http://www.news.com.au/technology/science/experts-concerned-that-advances-in-genetic-sequencing-are-giving-rise-to-neoracism/story-fn5fsgyc-1226828291896
i don’t think any of you “progressives” understand scientific studies
Why the need to debunk racist arguments? Why do people think that racism is a bad thing? Why would it be a bad thing to point out that an East African will make a better long distance runner than a European but a European will make a better inventor (on average of course)? Why can’t people be allowed to believe what their eyes, ears and brains tell them – that people separated by distance are different and have different skills?
So you do nothing to actually comment on a single real, modern racist argument but some how decide you have debunked all of them? You don’t even have a fundamental understanding of how racist people come to the conclusion of racism. It’s not about skin color, it’s about the genes they posses overall. Because there are differences in skin and hair color, genetic diseases (sickle-cell for example) people believe there also could be differences in intelligence caused by differences in genes. Science actually confirms the viability of racism as an argument, it’s like asking are chimps smarter than humans? Humans, obviously are more intelligent but we were the same creature as chimps at one point in our past. We diverged, similarly but much less extravagantly than chimps into different races. Had we stayed separated for about 10 times longer the races would have become individual species of humans. The racist argument is that certain races like Europeans and East Asians evolved more beneficial genes due natural selection when they were exposed to the harsher northern climates. It is also now known that both Europeans and East Asians also have had a bout 1.5 times as many generations since they split off from other groups allowing them evolve 1.5 times faster than other races from the random mutations developed every generation. I’m not saying this is true but it’s the arguments people make, if you can make a viable argument for evolution, you can make a viable argument for racism. You’ve done nothing to debunk these and dozens of others.
Thank you for the comment. I would love to see a reference and read up on that. But as far as I can see as of now, although yes, people evolve differently in different environments, there has been so much migration that the idea of a “pure race” doesn’t really fly anymore. Even populations that are considered to have a fair amount of founder effect are still, as we speak, being discovered to be more diverse than previously suggested. But at the end of the day, this is an opinion piece, and I’m not trying to make or change anyone else’s, but I will always welcome new information.
She is of mixed heritage, so that observation is very supported, and the paragraph on pigmentation goes into that. As far as defining every racist argument ever, that is a bold statement, but I haven’t met one that wasn’t easily debunked, so please share if you have any. Thank you so much for leaving a comment, I hope you’re enjoying your weekend.
The pale girl has African facial structure. SHe is not a white girl.
Define “every racist argument ever.”
blanket term in order to give a direction to the debate
first of all, they call any argument that they may find politically incorrect “racist”
because they wrote that, it doesn’t mean we should stop looking at differences, because you know the “progressives” will never be able to prove that we are exactly all the same
here’s why we need to know the differences between people https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eFYfZg1jsJU&feature=share